Geo Index
Flag of Japan

Japan

日本

UN memberEastern Asia, Asia

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Outline of Japan
Mount Fuji seen at night from Lake Kawaguchi
https://www.flickr.com/photos/sergesegal/53910344655/. CC BY-SA 2.0 Wikimedia Commons

Population

123 million

· UN WPPProjection

GDP

$4.44 trillion

· World Bank WDIActual

GDP / capita

$35,951

· World Bank WDIActual

HDI

0.925 index (0–1)

· UNDP HDRActual

Life expectancy

85.1 years

· UN WPPProjection

Area

364,569 km²

· World Bank WDIActual

UN WPP 2024 Revision (estimates through 2023; 2024–2100 medium-variant projections). World Bank WDI, 13 July 2026 release. UNDP HDR HDR 2025. UNESCO UIS UIS February 2026. ILOSTAT ILOSTAT December 2025. IMF WEO WEO April 2026. OWID CO₂ OWID CO₂ December 2025.

Overview

Japan is a UN member state in Eastern Asia, Asia.

Every figure names its source, year, and whether it is an actual value, an estimate, or a projection. Missing values stay missing.

The floating torii of Itsukushima Shrine
Own work. CC BY-SA 2.5
The Marunouchi facade of Tokyo Station
Own work. CC BY-SA 4.0
Vermilion torii corridor at Fushimi Inari Taisha
http://www.neep.net/photo/japan/show.php?8117 [dead link] English Wikipedia, original upload 9 March 2005 by Neep. CC BY-SA 3.0
Cherry blossoms and Mount Fuji at Lake Kawaguchi
Own work. CC BY 3.0
ISO alpha-2
JP
ISO alpha-3
JPN
UN M49
392
Wikidata
Q17

People

Population stocks and demographic rates are from the UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium variant unless another source is named. Years from 2024 onward are projections.

PopulationProjection
123 million

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Population (1 July)Projection
122 million

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Population growth rateProjection
−0.6 percent

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Population densityProjection
324.9 persons per km²

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s density is below the Eastern Asia median of 423.2 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and above the median of 90.1 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Median ageProjection
50.2 years

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s median age is above the Eastern Asia median of 43 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and above the median of 29.8 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Population sex ratioProjection
95.1 males per 100 females

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Total fertility rateProjection
1.2 live births per woman

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s tfr is above the Eastern Asia median of 0.9 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and below the median of 2 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Crude birth rateProjection
6.1 per 1,000 population

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Net number of migrantsProjection
128,619

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Net migration rateProjection
1.1 per 1,000 population

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Urban population
92.3%

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s urban is above the Eastern Asia median of 81.2% (7 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of 63.4% among 194 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Population ages 0–14
11.2%

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Population ages 15–64
58.8%

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Population ages 65 and above
30%

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s ages 65+ is above the Eastern Asia median of 15.1% (7 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of 7.4% among 194 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Population of Japan, 1950 to 2100 UN World Population Prospects medium variant. Estimates through 2023; dashed line marks projections from 2024. 70 million80 million90 million100 million110 million120 million 19601980200020202040206020802100 Projection
Population of Japan. Solid line: estimates (1950–2023). Dashed line: medium-variant projections (2024–2100). UN WPP, WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium.
Data table
YearPopulationStatus
195085.7 millionestimate
196096 millionestimate
1970106 millionestimate
1980118 millionestimate
1990123 millionestimate
2000127 millionestimate
2010128 millionestimate
2020127 millionestimate
2030120 millionprojection
2040113 millionprojection
2050105 millionprojection
206098.5 millionprojection
207091 millionprojection
208085 millionprojection
209080.8 millionprojection
210077 millionprojection
210176.7 millionprojection
Age structure of Japan Share of population by broad age group, World Bank World Development Indicators. 196019932025 Ages 0–14Ages 15–64Ages 65+
Age structure of Japan as a share of population. World Bank WDI, World Development Indicators.
Data table
YearAges 65+Status
19605.7% aged 65+actual
19656.3% aged 65+actual
19707.1% aged 65+actual
19757.9% aged 65+actual
19809.1% aged 65+actual
198510.4% aged 65+actual
199012.2% aged 65+actual
199514.7% aged 65+actual
200017.4% aged 65+actual
200520.3% aged 65+actual
201023.1% aged 65+actual
201526.9% aged 65+actual
202028.9% aged 65+actual
202530% aged 65+actual

Economy

National accounts and related World Bank series. Totals are not comparable as “averages” across countries; rates such as GDP per capita include same-year cohort medians where coverage allows.

Gross domestic product
$4.44 trillion

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

GDP per capita
$35,951

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s gdp / capita is close to Eastern Asia median of $36,089 (6 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of $7,411 among 181 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

GDP, PPP
Int’l $6.84 trillion

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

GDP per capita, PPP
Int’l $55,422

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s gdp / capita (ppp) is below the Eastern Asia median of Int’l $59,273 (6 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of Int’l $20,089 among 180 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

GDP growth
1.2 percent

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s gdp growth is below the Eastern Asia median of 4.1 (6 profiles with 2025 data), and below the median of 3.2 among 181 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

GNI per capita
$38,340

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s gni / capita is close to Eastern Asia median of $37,880 (5 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of $7,360 among 179 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Inflation, consumer prices
3.2 percent

2025 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s inflation is above the Eastern Asia median of 1.8 (6 profiles with 2025 data), and above the median of 3 among 162 core profiles with 2025 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Unemployment, totalProjection
2.4 percent of labour force

2026 · ILOSTAT · Projection · ILOSTAT modelled estimates (annual)

Japan’s unemployment is below the Eastern Asia median of 3.2 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and below the median of 5.1 among 178 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Trade
44.9 percent of GDP

2024 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Access to electricity
100%

2024 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Individuals using the Internet
85.5%

2024 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Labour force participation rateProjection
63.6 percent of population ages 15+

2026 · ILOSTAT · Projection · ILOSTAT modelled estimates (annual)

Japan’s lfpr is close to Eastern Asia median of 63.9 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and close to median of 62 among 174 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Employment-to-population ratioProjection
62.1 percent of population ages 15+

2026 · ILOSTAT · Projection · ILOSTAT modelled estimates (annual)

Youth unemployment rateProjection
3.8 percent of labour force ages 15–24

2026 · ILOSTAT · Projection · ILOSTAT modelled estimates (annual)

General government net lending/borrowingProjection
−2 percent of GDP

2026 · IMF WEO · Projection · World Economic Outlook April 2026

General government gross debtProjection
204.4 percent of GDP

2026 · IMF WEO · Projection · World Economic Outlook April 2026

GDP of Japan (current US$) Gross domestic product in current US dollars, World Bank World Development Indicators. $0$2 trillion$4 trillion$6 trillion 1960197019801990200020102020
GDP of Japan in current US dollars. World Bank WDI, World Development Indicators.
Data table
YearGDPStatus
1960$48.4 billionactual
1965$99.4 billionactual
1970$222 billionactual
1975$544 billionactual
1980$1.15 trillionactual
1985$1.46 trillionactual
1990$3.25 trillionactual
1995$5.64 trillionactual
2000$5.04 trillionactual
2005$4.88 trillionactual
2010$5.81 trillionactual
2015$4.53 trillionactual
2020$5.19 trillionactual
2025$4.44 trillionactual

Development

Human development indices are published only from the latest UNDP HDR series. This build does not invent a substitute index.

Human Development Index
0.925 index (0–1)

2023 · UNDP HDR · Actual · HDR 2025 composite indices complete time series

Japan’s hdi is close to Eastern Asia median of 0.925 (5 profiles with 2023 data), and above the median of 0.762 among 192 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
0.845 index (0–1)

2023 · UNDP HDR · Actual · HDR 2025 composite indices complete time series

Japan’s ihdi is close to Eastern Asia median of 0.839 (5 profiles with 2023 data), and above the median of 0.609 among 168 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Gender Development Index
0.970 index (female-to-male HDI ratio)

2023 · UNDP HDR · Actual · HDR 2025 composite indices complete time series

Japan’s gdi is close to Eastern Asia median of 0.976 (5 profiles with 2023 data), and close to median of 0.971 among 183 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Gender Inequality Index
0.059 index (0–1)

2023 · UNDP HDR · Actual · HDR 2025 composite indices complete time series

Japan’s gii is below the Eastern Asia median of 0.096 (4 profiles with 2023 data), and below the median of 0.352 among 172 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Multidimensional Poverty Index
No comparable data

No internationally comparable figure in this build.

Health and education

Life expectancy and mortality are UN WPP series unless labelled otherwise. Education figures are UNESCO UIS (CC BY-SA, isolated) where a comparable series exists; otherwise they stay missing.

Life expectancy at birthProjection
85.1 years

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s life expectancy is above the Eastern Asia median of 82.4 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and above the median of 74.1 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Crude death rateProjection
12.8 per 1,000 population

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Life expectancy at birth (male)Projection
82.1 years

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s life exp. male is close to Eastern Asia median of 79.9 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and above the median of 70.9 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Life expectancy at birth (female)Projection
88.2 years

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s life exp. female is above the Eastern Asia median of 84.8 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and above the median of 77.4 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Infant mortality rateProjection
1.6 per 1,000 live births

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s infant mortality is below the Eastern Asia median of 2.7 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and below the median of 11.1 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Under-five mortality rateProjection
2.2 per 1,000 live births

2026 · UN WPP · Projection · WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium

Japan’s u5mr is below the Eastern Asia median of 3.7 (8 profiles with 2026 data), and below the median of 12.9 among 195 core profiles with 2026 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Maternal mortality ratio
3 per 100,000 live births

2023 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Immunization, measles
95%

2024 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s measles immunization is close to Eastern Asia median of 96% (5 profiles with 2024 data), and above the median of 90% among 192 core profiles with 2024 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Current health expenditure
10.7 percent of GDP

2023 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s health expenditure is above the Eastern Asia median of 6.1 (3 profiles with 2023 data), and above the median of 5.8 among 170 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

Prevalence of undernourishment
No comparable data

No internationally comparable figure in this build.

Adult literacy rate
No comparable data

No internationally comparable figure in this build.

Youth literacy rate
No comparable data

No internationally comparable figure in this build.

Mean years of schooling
12.8 years

2020 · UNESCO UIS · Actual · UIS Bulk Data Download Service (February 2026)

Japan’s mean years school is above the Eastern Asia median of 9.4 (3 profiles with 2020 data), and above the median of 11.1 among 18 core profiles with 2020 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

School life expectancy
15.4 years

2023 · UNESCO UIS · Actual · UIS Bulk Data Download Service (February 2026)

Life expectancy at birth, Japan Life expectancy at birth. Estimates through 2023; dashed line marks UN WPP medium-variant projections from 2024. 5060708090 19601980200020202040206020802100 Projection
Life expectancy at birth in Japan. Dashed line marks medium-variant projections. UN WPP, WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium.
Data table
YearYearsStatus
195059.3estimate
196067.7estimate
197072estimate
198076.1estimate
199079estimate
200081.2estimate
201082.9estimate
202084.7estimate
203085.7projection
204087.1projection
205088.4projection
206089.7projection
207090.9projection
208092.1projection
209093.2projection
210094.4projection

Environment

Forest cover is World Bank WDI. CO₂ is the Global Carbon Project series via Our World in Data — not IEA-EDGAR.

Land area
364,569 km²

2023 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Surface area
377,969 km²

2023 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Forest area
68.4%

2023 · World Bank WDI · Actual · World Development Indicators

Japan’s forest is above the Eastern Asia median of 49.6% (5 profiles with 2023 data), and above the median of 31.8% among 194 core profiles with 2023 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

CO₂ emissions
962 million tonnes

2024 · OWID / Global Carbon Project · Actual · OWID CO2 data (Global Carbon Project)

CO₂ emissions per capita
7.8 tonnes per person

2024 · OWID / Global Carbon Project · Actual · OWID CO2 data (Global Carbon Project)

Japan’s co₂ / capita is below the Eastern Asia median of 8.2 (8 profiles with 2024 data), and above the median of 2.8 among 192 core profiles with 2024 data. Unweighted medians of the same-year cohort; not a population-weighted world average.

CO₂ emissions, Japan Annual CO₂ emissions from the Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data. Not IEA-EDGAR. 02004006008001,0001,200 18801900192019401960198020002020
CO₂ emissions of Japan. Global Carbon Project via Our World in Data. OWID / Global Carbon Project, OWID CO2 data (Global Carbon Project).
Data table
YearMillion tonnesStatus
18680actual
18781.9actual
18885.2actual
189817.2actual
190837.6actual
191871.5actual
192892.4actual
1938132actual
194888.1actual
1958181actual
1968563actual
1978905actual
1988985actual
19981,201actual
20081,229actual
20181,139actual
2024962actual

Geography

Region
Asia
Subregion
Eastern Asia
Natural Earth ADM0_A3
JPN
Cartographic size
Tiny state on the 50m globe (point or small polygon)
Capital
Tokyo (Capital) — Wikidata Q17
Outline of Japan
Outline from Natural Earth 50m Admin 0. Made with Natural Earth. Not a locator map.

Government

Classification is descriptive and is not a recognition of legal claims.Map and status policy.

Status
UN member
Publication tier
Core profile

Sources

United Nations World Population Prospects

WPP2024 Demographic Indicators Medium. Vintage 2024 Revision. CC BY 3.0 IGO. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • Population (2026, projection; series TPopulation1Jan)
  • Life expectancy at birth (2026, projection; series LEx)
  • Population (1 July) (2026, projection; series TPopulation1July)
  • Population growth rate (2026, projection; series PopGrowthRate)
  • Population density (2026, projection; series PopDensity)
  • Median age (2026, projection; series MedianAgePop)
  • Population sex ratio (2026, projection; series PopSexRatio)
  • Total fertility rate (2026, projection; series TFR)
  • Crude birth rate (2026, projection; series CBR)
  • Crude death rate (2026, projection; series CDR)
  • Life expectancy at birth (male) (2026, projection; series LExMale)
  • Life expectancy at birth (female) (2026, projection; series LExFemale)
  • Infant mortality rate (2026, projection; series IMR)
  • Under-five mortality rate (2026, projection; series Q5)
  • Net number of migrants (2026, projection; series NetMigrations)
  • Net migration rate (2026, projection; series CNMR)

World Bank World Development Indicators

World Development Indicators. Vintage 13 July 2026. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • Gross domestic product (2025, actual; series NY.GDP.MKTP.CD)
  • GDP per capita (2025, actual; series NY.GDP.PCAP.CD)
  • Land area (2023, actual; series AG.LND.TOTL.K2)
  • GDP, PPP (2025, actual; series NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.CD)
  • GDP per capita, PPP (2025, actual; series NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.CD)
  • GDP growth (2025, actual; series NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG)
  • GNI per capita (2025, actual; series NY.GNP.PCAP.CD)
  • Inflation, consumer prices (2025, actual; series FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG)
  • Trade (2024, actual; series NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS)
  • Maternal mortality ratio (2023, actual; series SH.STA.MMRT)
  • Immunization, measles (2024, actual; series SH.IMM.MEAS)
  • Current health expenditure (2023, actual; series SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS)
  • Urban population (2025, actual; series SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS)
  • Population ages 0–14 (2025, actual; series SP.POP.0014.TO.ZS)
  • Population ages 15–64 (2025, actual; series SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS)
  • Population ages 65 and above (2025, actual; series SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS)
  • Surface area (2023, actual; series AG.SRF.TOTL.K2)
  • Access to electricity (2024, actual; series EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS)
  • Individuals using the Internet (2024, actual; series IT.NET.USER.ZS)
  • Forest area (2023, actual; series AG.LND.FRST.ZS)
  • Alternate: Population (2025, actual; series SP.POP.TOTL)
  • Alternate: Life expectancy at birth (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.LE00.IN)
  • Alternate: Population growth rate (2025, actual; series SP.POP.GROW)
  • Alternate: Population density (2023, actual; series EN.POP.DNST)
  • Alternate: Total fertility rate (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.TFRT.IN)
  • Alternate: Crude birth rate (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.CBRT.IN)
  • Alternate: Crude death rate (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.CDRT.IN)
  • Alternate: Life expectancy at birth (male) (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.LE00.MA.IN)
  • Alternate: Life expectancy at birth (female) (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.LE00.FE.IN)
  • Alternate: Infant mortality rate (2024, actual; series SP.DYN.IMRT.IN)
  • Alternate: Under-five mortality rate (2024, actual; series SH.DYN.MORT)
  • Alternate: Net number of migrants (2025, actual; series SM.POP.NETM)
  • Alternate: Unemployment, total (2025, actual; series SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS)

UNDP Human Development Report

HDR 2025 composite indices complete time series. Vintage HDR 2025. CC BY 3.0 IGO. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • Human Development Index (2023, actual; series hdi)
  • Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (2023, actual; series ihdi)
  • Gender Development Index (2023, actual; series gdi)
  • Gender Inequality Index (2023, actual; series gii)
  • Alternate: Mean years of schooling (2023, actual; series mys)
  • Alternate: School life expectancy (2023, actual; series eys)

ILOSTAT

ILOSTAT modelled estimates (annual). Vintage ILOSTAT December 2025. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • Unemployment, total (2026, projection; series UNE_2EAP_SEX_AGE_RT)
  • Labour force participation rate (2026, projection; series EAP_2WAP_SEX_AGE_RT)
  • Employment-to-population ratio (2026, projection; series EMP_2WAP_SEX_AGE_RT)
  • Youth unemployment rate (2026, projection; series UNE_2EAP_SEX_AGE_RT)

UNESCO Institute for Statistics

UIS Bulk Data Download Service (February 2026). Vintage UIS February 2026. CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • Mean years of schooling (2020, actual; series MYS.1T8.AG25T99)
  • School life expectancy (2023, actual; series SLE.1T8)

IMF World Economic Outlook

World Economic Outlook April 2026. Vintage WEO April 2026. IMF data terms. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • General government net lending/borrowing (2026, projection; series GGXCNL_NGDP)
  • General government gross debt (2026, projection; series GGXWDG_NGDP)
  • Alternate: Gross domestic product (2026, projection; series NGDPD)
  • Alternate: GDP per capita (2026, projection; series NGDPDPC)
  • Alternate: GDP growth (2026, projection; series NGDP_RPCH)
  • Alternate: Inflation, consumer prices (2026, projection; series PCPIPCH)
  • Alternate: Unemployment, total (2026, projection; series LUR)

Our World in Data (Global Carbon Project)

OWID CO2 data (Global Carbon Project). Vintage OWID CO₂ December 2025. CC BY 4.0. Retrieved 2026-09-03. Source file.

  • CO₂ emissions (2024, actual; series co2)
  • CO₂ emissions per capita (2024, actual; series co2_per_capita)

Names, classifications, and boundaries are for statistical and cartographic use and do not constitute recognition of legal claims.